Medical Supplies 95% alcohol can be used to clean UV lamps. This type of alcohol is commonly used in hospitals, but in homes it's typically used to clean camera lenses. 70% to 75% alcohol can be used for disinfection. If the alcohol concentration is too high, it forms a protective film on the surface of bacteria, preventing it from entering the body and making it difficult to completely kill the bacteria. If the alcohol concentration is too low, it can enter the bacteria but won't coagulate the proteins in their bodies, nor will it completely kill the bacteria. Therefore, 75% alcohol is the most effective disinfectant. 40% to 50% alcohol can be used to prevent bedsores. Prolonged pressure on the back, waist, and buttocks of bedridden patients can cause bedsores. For example, pouring a small amount of 40% to 50% alcohol into your hands and evenly massaging the affected areas can promote local blood circulation and prevent the formation of bedsores. 25% to 50% alcohol can be used to physically reduce fever. Patients with high fevers can use it to rub their bodies to reduce their temperature. Rubbing alcohol on the skin can dilate the patient's skin blood vessels, increasing the skin's ability to dissipate heat. The alcohol evaporates and absorbs heat, lowering the patient's body temperature and relieving symptoms. It's important to note that the alcohol concentration should not be too high, as this may irritate the skin and absorb significant moisture from the epidermis. Food and Beverages Ethanol is the main component of alcohol, and its content varies depending on the type of alcohol. It's important to note that the ethanol in alcoholic beverages isn't simply added, but rather derived from microbial fermentation. Depending on the type of microorganism used, related substances such as acetic acid or sugar may also be present. Ethanol can also be used to make acetic acid, beverages, baked goods, candy, ice cream, sauces, and more. Organic Raw Materials Ethanol is also a basic organic chemical raw material, used to produce chemical raw materials such as acetaldehyde, acetic acid, ether, ethyl acetate, and ethylamine. It is also a raw material for the production of solvents, dyes, coatings, fragrances, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, rubber, plastics, synthetic fibers, detergents, and other products. Organic Solvents Ethanol is miscible with water and most organic solvents and is widely used as a solvent in organic chemical reactions, adhesives, nitrocellulose lacquers, varnishes, cosmetics, inks, paint strippers, and more. Ethanol is also a common solvent for liquid preparations, including mixtures, tinctures, and injections. Ethanol is less polar than water and can dissolve moderately polar, weakly polar, and nonpolar components in traditional Chinese medicine, such as alkaloids and their salts, glycosides, volatile oils, resins, tannins, organic acids, and lipophilic pigments. Traditional Chinese medicine often uses alcohol to make medicinal wines and to accompany traditional Chinese medicine to maximize its effectiveness. Its preservative properties are also used for storage and preservation. Because the pigments in chloroplasts are soluble in anhydrous ethanol, anhydrous ethanol is often used in biology to extract chloroplast pigments. Automobile Fuel Ethanol can be used alone as a fuel for automobiles or mixed with gasoline to create a blended fuel. Adding 5% to 20% fuel ethanol to gasoline to create ethanol gasoline can reduce air pollution from vehicle exhaust. In addition, ethanol can also be added to gasoline as an antiknock agent to replace tetraethyl lead.